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1 ἀθροίζω
A , etc.: [tense] pf.ἤθροικα Plu. Caes.20
:—[voice] Pass., [tense] aor. ἠθροίσθην: [tense] pf. ἤθροισμαι: [tense] plpf. :—quadrisyll.ἀθροΐζω Archil.60
, 104, APl.4.308 (Eugen.); prob. in E.IA 267 (lyr.), Ar.Av. 253: ([etym.] ἀθρόος):—gather together, collect, muster, ἀ. λαόν, etc., S.OT 144, etc.;τὸ βαρβαρικὸν καὶ τὸ Ἑλληνικόν X. An.1.2.1
; Τροίαν ἀ. gather the Trojans together, E Hec.1139; πνεῦμ' ἄθροισον collect breath, Id.Ph.851, cf. Arist.GA 738b7; περιπλοκὰς λόγων ἀθροίσας having strung together, E.Ph. 495: abs., hoard treasure, Arist.Pol. 1314b10:—[voice] Med., gather for oneself, collect round one, E. Heracl. 122, X.Cyr.3.1.19:—[voice] Pass., to be gathered or crowded together,εὖτε πρὸς ἄεθλα δῆμος ἠθροΐζετο Archil.104
, cf. 60;ἐς τὴν ἀγορὴν ἀ. Hdt.5.101
; ἁθροισθέντες having rallied, Th.1.50; τὸ δὲ.. ζύμπαν ἡθροίσθη δισχίλιοι but the whole amounted collectively to.., Id.5.6; ἐνταῦθα ἡθροίζοντο they mustered in force there, Id.6.44, etc.; form a society, Pl.Prt. 322b; ἀθροισθέντες having formed a party, Arist.Pol. 1304b33: of things, περὶ πολλῶν ἁθροισθέντων taken in the aggregate, Pl.Tht. 157b.2 in [voice] Pass. of the mind, ἁθροίζεσθαι εἰς ἑαυτόν collect oneself, Pl.Phd. 83a, cf. 67c; φόβος ἥθροισται fear has gathered strength, X.Cyr.5.2.34.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἀθροίζω
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2 ἀθρόος
ἀθρόος, α, ον, (ος, ον D.19.228, Arist.PA 675b21, etc.), [full] ἁθρόος in Hom. acc. to Aristarch. ap. Sch.Ven.ll.14.38 and [dialect] Att.(also some times [full] ἅθρους, ουν, as Ar.Fr. 633, Hyp.Eux.33, D.27.35), poet.acc.pl.A ; dat. pl.ἁθροῖσιν Epigr.Gr.1034
26 ([place name] Callipolis):—but in later writers the spir. lenis prevailed: (ἀ- 11
, θρόος):—in crowds, heaps, or masses, crowded together, Hom. only in pl., as Il.2.439, al.;ἁθρόοι.. ἅπαντες Od.3.34
, etc.: sg. first in Pi.P.2.35; ἀθρόοι, of soldiers, in close order, Hdt.6.112, X.An.1.10.13, etc.; opp. ἀσύντακτοι, Id.Cyr.8.1.46; in column, ib.5.3.36; πολλαὶ κῶμαι ἁ. close together, Id.An.7.3.9.II together, in a body, ἁθρόα πάντ' ἀπέτεισε he paid for all at once, Od.1.43; ἁ. πόλις the citizens as a whole, opp. καθ' ἕκαστον, Th.2.60, cf. 1.141;ἁ. δύναμις Id.2.39
; ἁ. ἦν αὐτῷ τὸ στράτευμα was assembled, X.Cyr.3.3.22; τὸ ἁ. their assembled force, ib.4.2.20, cf. An.5.2.1; ἁθρόῳ στόματι with one voice, E.Ba. 725; ἁ. δάκρυ one flood of tears, Id.HF 489; ἁ. λόγος a flood of words, Pl.R. 344d; ἁθρόους κρίνειν to condemn all by a single vote, Id.Ap. 32b;πολλοὺς ἁ. ὑμῶν D.21.131
; ἄθρους ὤφθη was seen with all his forces, Plu. Them.12, cf. Id.Sull.12; ἁ. λεγόμενον used in a collective sense, opp. κατὰ μέρος, Pl.Tht. 182a; ἀθρόας γινομένης μεταβολῆς taking place all at once, Arist.Ph. 186a15; opp. ἐκ προσαγωγῆς, Id.Pol. 1308b16; κατήριπεν ἀ. he fell all at once, Theoc. 13.50, cf. 25.252; ἀθρόαι πέντε νύκτες five whole nights, PiP.4.130;κατάστασις ἀθρόα καὶ αἰσθητή Arist. Rh. 1369b34
; κάθαρσις ἀ., opp. κατ' ὀλίγον, Id.HA 582b7; καταπιεῖν ἅθρους τεμαχίτας at a gulp, Eub.9, cf. Plu.2.650c, etc.; ἀθρόον ἐκκαγχάζειν burst out laughing, Arist.EN 1150b11, cf. Hp.Ep.17.3 sudden, ἔφοδος Malch.p.412 D.; τῷ ἀ. μὴ καταπλαγῆναι Men.Prot.p.68 D.:— this sense may perh. be found in Plu. Them. l.c., Sull.l.c.III complete, overwhelming,ἀ. κακότης Pi.P. 2.35
; continuous, incessant, ; concentrated, of noise, D.H. Comp.22, etc.IV Adv. ἀθρόον all at once; in one payment,PPetr.
2p.27, cf. D. 27.35; generally,εἰρῆσθαι Aret. SA1.6
:—regul. Adv.ἀθρόως X.Smp.2.25
, Arist.HA 533b10, etc.; ἀ. λέγειν to speak collectively or generally, Aristid.Rh.2.547S.V [comp] Comp.ἁθροώτερος Th.6.34
, etc.;ἀθρουστέρα Phylotim.
ap.Ath.3.79b: [comp] Sup.ἀθρούστατος Plu.Caes.20
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3 ἀθρόος
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `in crowds, crowded together' (Il.).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Compared with Skt. sadhry-àñc- `directed to one goal' (Brugmann Totalität 14ff.); formerly analyzed as containing the root * dʰer- `hold', but this is no longer maintained by EWAia. (not to ἀθρέω, θρόνος). ἁ- \< *sm̥- is convincing, but further uncertain. - Risch Wortbild.179 compares ἀλλό-θροος (so `calling together'?).Page in Frisk: 1,29Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀθρόος
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4 στενοχωρέω
A to be straitened, confined, Macho ap.Ath.13.582b: metaph., to be anxious, in difficulty,ἐπί τινι Hp.Praec.8
;εὶς τὴν ἀκρίβειαν τῆς ἑρμηνείας στενοχωρεῖ ὁ λόγος IPE12.39.18
(Olbia, not before ii A.D.).II trans., crowd, straiten,τοὺς ἀπαντῶντας Luc.Nigr.13
; τὰς πύλας, τὰς ὁδούς, Charito 5.3, 4.7;ταλάντοις τοὺς θησαυρούς Lib.Or.59.15
:—[voice] Pass., with [tense] fut. [voice] Med. (Them.Or.25.310d), to be crowded together, D.S.20.29, Charito 3.2; ἐν ταὐτῷ ς. Luc. Tox.29;χῶραι -οῦνται ποσὶ μιαιφόνων J.BJ4.3.10
;ἀγορὰ -ουμένη ὄχλῳ D.H.6.67
; of stricture, Heliod. ap. Orib.50.9.1; to be cramped or confined,ὁ Εὐφράτης -ούμενος Isid.Char.1
, cf. Sch.Il.Oxy.221 xi 8, Porph.Sent.27; of a picture, Them. l.c.2 metaph., press closely, tina LXX Jd.16.16:—[voice] Pass., to be straitened, cramped, ib.Is.28.19(20), Procl.Inst.98; [full] ἐντοῖς σπλάγχνοις 2 Ep.Cor.6.12
; ὑπὸ τῶν κακῶν Sch.E.Med.57.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > στενοχωρέω
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5 ἅλις
ἅλις ( ϝάλις, cf. ἐϝάλην, εἴλω): crowded together; of persons, ‘in throngs’; bees, ‘in swarms’; corpses, ‘in heaps.’ Then in plenty, abundantly, enough; ἅλις δέ οἱ, he has carried it ‘far enough’ already, Il. 9.376 ; ἦ οὐχ ἅλις ὅτι (ὡς), is it not enough (and more than enough), etc.?A Homeric dictionary (Greek-English) (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ομηρικό λεξικό) > ἅλις
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6 συνειλέω
A crowd together,τὰ τέκνα καὶ τὰς γυναῖκας ἐς τοὺς νεωσοίκους συνειλήσας Hdt.3.45
; also of things, bind together,ῥάβδους Id.4.67
:—[voice] Pass., to be crowded or pressed together, εἰς ἔλαττον into less compass, X.HG7.2.8;περὶ τὸν ναόν J.BJ5.3.1
: abs., Plu. Alex.60 (so ἑαυτὸν συνειλήσας, of the hedgehog, Ael.NA6.64); τροφὴ συνειληθεῖσα compressed, Thphr.CP3.14.8;κύστις σ. εἰς ἑωυτήν Aret.SD1.7
;ἐς κυκεῶνα πάντα συνειλέονται Luc.Vit.Auct. 14
: metaph.,σ. ἀπορίᾳ S.E.M.7.304
.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > συνειλέω
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7 πυκνός
πυκνός [(A)], ή, όν, poet. also [full] πῠκῐνός, ή, όν, both forms in [dialect] Ep. (v. infr.) and Lyr., Pi.O.13.52 ([comp] Sup.), B.Fr.1; [dialect] Aeol. [full] πύκνος Sapph.1.11, Alc.Supp.14.9 ( πύκινος is dub. l. Id.82); Trag. [full] πυκνός, exc. S. in lyr., Aj. 1208, Ph. 854; πυκινός once in Com., Eub.38 (s.v.l.): [dialect] Lacon. [comp] Sup. πουκότατος is corrupt in Simm.26.17:—A close, compact.I of a thing with reference to the close union of its parts, close, firm, solid,πυκινὸς θώρηξ Il.15.529
;χλαῖναν πυκνὴν καὶ μεγάλην Od.14.521
;πυκινὸν νέφος Il.5.751
; πυκινὸν λέχος well-stuffed, firm bed, 9.621, Od.7.340;πυκνὸν καὶ μαλακόν Il.14.349
;Ἁρμονίης πυκινῷ κρυφῷ Emp.27.3
;σπάρτα πυκνὰ ἐστραμμένα X.An.4.7.15
;π. δέμας Parm. 8.59
; of a sponge, Hp.Ulc.2;π. ὀστοῦν Pl.Ti. 75b
, cf. Hp.VM22; [ σάρκες] Pl.Ti. 74e; χρυσοῦ πυκνότερον ib. 59b;ἔβενος Thphr.HP1.5.5
;πλεύμων Plu.2.698b
; χωρία ib.650d;πυκινὴν νάπαις Ἄζιλιν Call. Ap.89
; [ὁ ἐλαιὼν] πυκνός ἐστι τοῖς φυτοῖς overgrown with plants, PFay.113.8 (i/ii A.D.);ξοῒς χαρακτὴ π. IG7.3073.104
(Lebad., ii B.C.); of a woman, thick-set, stocky, Sor.1.34.2 narrow, constricted,οὐ διέρχεται.. ἀρκέουσα ἰκμάς.., πυκνῆς τῆς ὁδοῦ ἐούσης Hp.Mul.1.73
;πυκνοὺς ἔχουσι τοὺς πόρους τοῦ σώματος Alex.Aphr.Pr.1.6
.II of the parts of a thing, close-packed, crowded,πυκιναὶ κίνυντο φάλαγγες Il.4.281
; , etc.;πυκινὸν λόχον εἷσαν 4.392
, etc.(v. infr. 111.1);πυκνὰ καρήατα λαῶν 11.309
;πυκνοὶ ἐφέστασαν ἀλλήλοισιν 13.133
, cf. Od.5.480;σταυροῖσιν πυκινοῖσι Il.24.453
;σταυροὺς.. πυκνοὺς καὶ θαμέας Od.14.12
; of thick plumage,πυκινὰ πτερά 5.53
;πτερὰ πυκνά Il.11.454
, 23.879; but πύκνα πτέρα fast-beating wings, Sapph.1.11 (and so perh. Hom. ll. cc.); freq. of thick foliage, ὕλη, λόχμη, θάμνοι, ὄζοι, ῥωπήϊα, δρυμά, πέταλα, Il.18.320, Od.19.439, 5.471, Il.21.245, Od.14.473, 10.150, 19.520;π. νέφεα Hes.Op. 553
; πυκινοῖσι λίθοισι with close-laid stones, Il.16.212; πυκινοῖσι.. βελέεσσι with a thick shower of darts, 11.576;πυκνῆσιν λιθάδεσσιν Od.14.36
;τοξεύματα πολλὰ καὶ π. Hdt.7.218
; πυκνοῖς ὄσσοις δεδορκώς, of Argus, A.Pr. 678; πεπλεκτανημέναι π. δράκουσιν, of the Furies, Id.Ch. 1050; of thick-falling rain, snow, etc.,πυκνῆς ἀκοῦσαι ψακάδος S.Fr. 636
;πυκιναῖς δρόσοις Id.Aj. 1208
(lyr.);πυκνῇ νιφάδι E.Andr. 1129
; π. ῥόος a dense current, Emp.100.14;π. θρίξ X.Cyn.4.6
;π. τρίχες Pl.Prt. 321a
; [ δένδρεα] Hdt.4.22, cf. X.An.4.8.2;τὰ μὲν π... τὰ δὲ μανὰ κατὰ τὴν φυτείαν Thphr.HP1.8.2
.b in Tactics, in close order, opp. ἀραιός, Ascl.Tact.4.1 ([comp] Sup.), Arr.Tact.11.1 ([comp] Comp.).2 of a repeated action, frequent, numerous,πυκνοὺς θεοπρόπους ἴαλλε A.Pr. 658
;τῶν π. φιλημάτων Id.Fr. 135
;ὀδύναι πυκνόταται Hp.VM22
;πυκινῶν κρεγμῶν ἀκροαζομένα Epich.109
(anap.);π. ὁδοὺς ἐλθόντα E.Tr. 235
; π. βαίνων ἤλυσιν, of a blind man, Id.Ph. 844; ἐν πυκνῷ θεοῦ τροχῷ κυκλεῖται on the oft-revolving wheel, S.Fr.871.1; Aër.13; πνεῦμα πυκνότερον quicker breathing, Id.Acut.16;π. σφυγμὸς ἢ μανός Plu.2.136f
; continuous, constant,φῶς Corp.Herm. 16.10
;ἐρωτήμασι πυκνοῖς χρώμενοι Th.7.44
;ἡ.. εἰωθυῖά μοι μαντικὴ.. πάνυ πυκνὴ ἦν Pl.Ap. 40a
;ἐπιθυμίαι π. τε καὶ σφοδραί Id.R. 573e
;τὰς ἐντεύξεις π. ποιεῖσθαι Isoc.1.20
: c. inf., πυκνοτέραν εἰσαφικνεῖσθαι πᾶσιν ἀνθρώποις ποιεῖν τὴν πόλιν more frequently visited by.., X.Vect.5.1 codd.III of artificial union, well put together, compact, strong, πυκινὸς δόμος, χηλός, θύραι, θάλαμος, κευθμῶνες (v. infr. B. 111.1), Il.10.267, Od.13.68, Il.14.167, Od.23.229, 10.283;ἀσπὶς ῥινοῖσιν πυκινή Il.13.804
;π. δῶμα Xenoph.17
: hence, close, concealed,πυκινὸς δόλος Il.6.187
; and so perhaps π. λόχος, v. supr. 11.1.2 in Music, πυκνόν, τό, part of the tetrachord in which the intervals are small, defined asτὸ ἐκ δύο διαστημάτων συνεστηκὸς ἃ συντεθέντα ἔλαττον διάστημα περιέξει τοῦ λειπομένου διαστήματος ἐν τῷ διὰ τεσσάρων Aristox.Harm. p.24M.
, cf. Plu.2.1135b, etc.IV generally, strong of its kind, sore, excessive,ἄτη Il.24.480
;μελεδῶναι Od.19.516
;ἄχος Il.16.599
.V metaph. of the mind, shrewd, wise,πυκιναὶ φρένες 14.294
, cf. Alc.Supp.14.9, B. l.c.;νόος Il.15.461
;μήδεα 3.208
;βουλή 2.55
;ἐφετμή 18.216
;μῦθοι Od.3.23
;ἔπος Il.11.788
; θυμός, βουλαί, Pi.P.4.73, I.7(6).8;φρήν E.IA67
; μήτιδι πυκνῇ Orac. ap. Hdt.7.141, cf. IG3.1320: in Prose,πυκνὴ διάνοια Pl.R. 568a
; τὸ π. terseness of expression, D.H.Th.24.2 of persons, sagacious, shrewd, crafty, cunning,Σίσυφος πυκνότατος παλάμαις Pi.O.13.52
;κύων πυκινώτατον ἑρπετόν Id.Fr. 106
; πυκινοί the wise, S.Ph. 854 (lyr.);πυκνότατον κίναδος Ar.Av. 430
(lyr.); .B Adv. πυκινῶς, and after Hom. πυκνῶς, θύραι or σανίδες πυκινῶς ἀραρυῖαι close or fast shut, Il.9.475, Od.2.344, etc.2 sorely (v. supr. A. IV),πυκινῶς ἀκαχήμενος Il.19.312
, cf. Od.19.95, al.; constantly,ὅταν π. διᾴττωσι X.Cyn.6.22
.3 sagaciously, shrewdly,π. ὑποθήσομαι Od.1.279
, cf. Il.21.293;πυκνῶς ἀνευρεῖν Ar.Th. 438
(lyr., s.v.l.).II neut. sg. and pl., πυκνόν, πυκνά, πυκινόν, πυκινά as Adv., esp. in the sense much, often, πήρην πυκνὰ ῥωγαλέην a much torn wallet, a wallet full of holes, Od.13.438, 17.198;πυκινόν περ ἀχεύων 11.88
;τέττιξ.. καταχεύετ' ἀοιδὴν πυκνόν Hes.Op. 584
: in Prose,πυκνὰ ἐκπίπτει ὦμος Hp.Art.2
;πυκνὰ ἀποβλέπειν Pl.R. 501b
;πυκνὰ στρέφεσθαι X.An.6.1.8
;πυκνὸν ἀναπνεῖν Arist.Rh. 1357b19
; πυκνότερον ἰέναι, παρέρχεσθαι, Pl.R. 328d, D.41.24;πυκνότερα ἐπάγειν Pl.Cra. 420d
. Adv.- οτέρως Lesb.Gramm.23
, PLond.5.1929(iv A.D.): [comp] Sup.πυκνότατα X.Eq.11.11
.2 πυκινὰ φρονεῖν (v. supr. A.V) Od.9.445.III poet. Adv. [full] πύκα [[pron. full] ?πυκνόςX?πυκνόςX], thickly, solidly,θαλάμου πύκα ποιητοῖο 1.436
;π. π. δόμοιο 22.455
;σάκεος π. π. Il.18
. 608;Λυκίων π. θωρηκτάων 12.317
, cf. 15.689, 739;πύλαι π. στιβαρῶς ἀραρυῖαι 12.454
.2 θάλαμος πύκ' ἐβάλλετο with thick-falling darts, 9.588.------------------------------------ -
8 ἁ̄λής
ἁ̄λής (ἀ̄λής)Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `thronged, crowded' (Hdt.).Derivatives: ἁλίη, Dor. ἀλία `assembly of people'. From it Dor. ἀλιαία `id.', Att. ἡλιαία. The ἡ- in Att. ἡλιαία must be false Ionicism of a Dorian loanword (influence of ἥλιος?); s. Ed. Meyer Philol. 48, 187.Etymology: Aeol. ἀολλής has the same meaning; if it is identical, they may go back to *ἁ-Ϝαλνής resp. *ἀ-Ϝολνής, with α copulativum (*sm̥-) and *-ul̥n-. ἀλανέως ὁλοσχερῶς, Ταραντῖνοι H. and αϜλανεως (meaning uncertain, Elis) might also be the same word. A hapax is ἀελλής, Γ 13 (full grade would be regular). One supposes a noun *Ϝέλ-νος `Gedränge, Menge', suffix as in ἔθνος, σμῆνος (Chantr. Form. 420), which would belong to εἴλω, q.v. Cf. ἅλις, ἀολλής.Page in Frisk: 1,71-72Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἁ̄λής
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9 ἀ̄λής
ἁ̄λής (ἀ̄λής)Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `thronged, crowded' (Hdt.).Derivatives: ἁλίη, Dor. ἀλία `assembly of people'. From it Dor. ἀλιαία `id.', Att. ἡλιαία. The ἡ- in Att. ἡλιαία must be false Ionicism of a Dorian loanword (influence of ἥλιος?); s. Ed. Meyer Philol. 48, 187.Etymology: Aeol. ἀολλής has the same meaning; if it is identical, they may go back to *ἁ-Ϝαλνής resp. *ἀ-Ϝολνής, with α copulativum (*sm̥-) and *-ul̥n-. ἀλανέως ὁλοσχερῶς, Ταραντῖνοι H. and αϜλανεως (meaning uncertain, Elis) might also be the same word. A hapax is ἀελλής, Γ 13 (full grade would be regular). One supposes a noun *Ϝέλ-νος `Gedränge, Menge', suffix as in ἔθνος, σμῆνος (Chantr. Form. 420), which would belong to εἴλω, q.v. Cf. ἅλις, ἀολλής.Page in Frisk: 1,71-72Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀ̄λής
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